Coal
Links to supply and demand
Shenhua Energy Company is China’s biggest coal mining group and the fifth-largest in the world. It is also the largest export coal producer in China, exporting 26,6 million tons a year in 2004, approximately 37% of China’s total thermal coal exports.
Xstrata Coal is the world's largest producer of export thermal coal.
Coal mining and exploration in Africa
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Botswana
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"Botswana may trump diamond wealth" (Source: Miningmx)
- CIC Energy Corporation is developing the Mmamabula Energy Project, a planned greenfield power station and integrated coal mine in Botswana. The project consists of two non-contiguous exploration licences, Mmamabula East (50,840 hectares) and Mmamabula South (14,000 hectares), which are wholly owned by CIC’s Botswana subsidiary, Meepong Resources (Proprietary) Limited. The global mineral resource estimate for the project totals approximately 2.3 billion tonnes in the measured and indicated categories. An approximate 74 million tonnes is further reported in the inferred category.
- Asenjo Energy will have a memorandum of understanding with a power company by June, 2008, and another with a coal-to-liquid fuel (CTL) technology provider as it proves up some six billion tonnes of coal in Botswana.
Asenjo, is 50% owned by Australia’s ASX-listed Aquila Resources and the rest by Jonah Coal, which is equally held by Jonah Capital and JSE-listed coal group Sentula Mining, formerly Scharrig.
The Western Mmambula coal field, which is near CIC Energy’s planned Mmamabula power generation plant and dedicated mine, has reconnaissance resources of four billion tonnes.
Asenjo is adopting the same model CIC energy has been developing to generate power and produce liquid fuel as well as export coal from its coal field.
- Aviva Corporation Limited (ASX: AVA) disclosed in February, 2008, that it has an initial resource of 1.287 billion tonnes of coal at the Mmamantswe coal project in Botswana in which it is earning 90%. The resource estimate is based on a 32 hole 3,500 m drill programme. Of these, 23 holes intersected coal. Aviva said a new drilling programme to upgrade the deposit to reserve status is planned to commence in late March, 2008. It will comprise between 150-250 holes.
Egypt
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Malawi
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Morocco
Mozambique
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Niger
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Nigeria
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South Africa
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South Africa produces a total of around 250 million tonnes a year of export and domestic coal.
- Anglo Coal South Africa is South Africa's largest coal producer. Anglo Coal is committed to increasing its total coal production for domestic and export supply to 100 million tonnes a year from the current 60 million within 10 years, the company said in January, 2008.
- Bank Colliery
Bank Colliery formed by the merger of Coronation and Blesbok mines in 1981, now consists of Bank No. 2 Seam and Bank No. 5 Seam mines which produce pulverised coal injection and thermal coal for export and domestic customers. Located 25km north-east of Witbank and 30km south of Middelburg in the Province of Mpumalanga, Bank Colliery is one of Anglo Coal's South African export mines.
Shareholding: 100%
Goedehoop Colliery
Goedehoop Colliery is located 35km south-west of Witbank in the Province of Mpumalanga. Goedehoop produces pulverised coal injection and thermal coal for export customers. A small quantity of low-grade coal is produced for the domestic market. Goedehoop Colliery is one of Anglo Coal's South African export mines.
Shareholding: 100%
Greenside Colliery
Located 20km west of Witbank in the Province of Mpumalanga, Greenside now forms part of the South African Coal Estates (SACE) complex which includes Landau and Kleinkopje mines. Greenside produces pulverised coal injection and thermal coal for domestic and export markets. Greenside Colliery is one of Anglo Coal's South African export mines.
Shareholding: 100%
Isibonelo
An opencast operation, the Isibonelo Colliery will produce 5 million tonnes of thermal coal per annum when it reaches full production during 2006.
Shareholding: 100%
Kleinkopje Colliery
Located 10km south-west of Witbank in the Province of Mpumalanga, Kleinkopje Colliery produces pulverised coal injection and thermal coal for export. Washed, sized coal is also produced for the domestic market and metallurgical coal for consumption by the local steel industry. Kleinkopje Colliery is one of Anglo Coal's South African export mines.
Shareholding: 100%
Kriel Colliery
Located near Bethal in the eastern part of the Province of Mpumalanga, Kriel Colliery was established to supply coal to Eskom's (South Africa's electric power utility) Kriel power station. It was originally intended to be solely underground, but an opencast section was opened to optimise reserves. Total production is supplied via conveyor belt to Kriel power station. Kriel Colliery is one of Anglo Coal's South African power generation mines.
Shareholding: 100%
Landau Colliery
Located 15km north-west to 12km south-west of Witbank in the Province of Mpumalanga, Landau Colliery, an open-cast operation, produces pulverised coal injection and thermal coal for export and washed sized coal for the domestic market. Landau Colliery is one of Anglo Coal's South African export mines.
Shareholding: 100%
New Denmark Colliery
Located between the towns of Bethal and Standerton in the Province of Mpumalanga, New Denmark Colliery was established in the early 1980s to supply coal to Eskom's (South Africa's electric power utility) Tutuka power station. New Denmark Colliery is one of Anglo Coal's South African power generation mines.
Shareholding: 100%
New Vaal Colliery
Located in the Maccauvlei area immediately south of Vereeniging on the bank of the Vaal River in the Free State Province, New Vaal Colliery was established during the 1980s to mine the remaining coal in the Maccauvlei area to supply coal to Eskom's (South Africa's electric power utility) Lethabo power station.
Shareholding: 100%
Eyesizwe Coal
Eyesizwe Coal is a black empowerment company in which Anglo American has an 11% shareholding.
Shareholding: 11%
Mafube
In August 2004, Anglo Coal and Eyesizwe announced that they were entering into a 50:50 joint venture to mine the Arnot North coal reserves, known as Mafube Colliery.
Shareholding: 50%
Richards Bay Coal Terminal
Situated in the port of Richards Bay, 160 km north of Durban, KwaZulu/Natal, RBCT, which is owned and operated by the major South African coal exporters, was officially opened in 1976. A dedicated rail link allows for the efficient transport to RBCT, which is a privately-owned and operated coal export terminal.
Shareholding: 27%
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Tanzania
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Zambia
Zimbabwe
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